In certain working environments, the use of electricity presents a serious hazard, not just in terms of shock or arc flash, but as a potential source of ignition in explosive atmospheres. These hazardous areas can exist in a range of industries and settings, from paint spray booths and fuel storage tanks to areas where fine dust, vapours, or mists are present.
At PRR, we specialise in helping organisations understand and control the risks associated with operating in such environments. This article offers an overview of the key responsibilities under UK regulations and best practices to ensure safety when using electrical equipment in potentially explosive atmospheres.
Understanding the Risk
Electricity is essential to modern operations, but in areas where flammable gases, vapours, mists or combustible dusts may be present, even a small spark or a hot surface can be enough to trigger a catastrophic explosion.
These so-called “explosive atmospheres” can arise during normal operations or as the result of leaks, spills, or inadequate ventilation. Because of this, areas where explosive atmospheres are likely to occur must be treated differently from standard working environments.
The Role of DSEAR
In the UK, the Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations (DSEAR) require all employers to assess and manage the risks associated with dangerous substances. This includes identifying areas where explosive atmospheres could exist and ensuring appropriate controls are in place before any new work or equipment is introduced.
Risk assessments under DSEAR should not be viewed as a one-off task. These assessments need to be reviewed and updated regularly, especially when changes are made to processes, equipment, or materials.
Minimising Static and Electrical Ignition Risks
Static electricity is a hidden danger in many industrial environments. To reduce the risk of static discharge igniting a flammable atmosphere, measures such as earth bonding, antistatic footwear, antistatic clothing, and appropriate flooring should be implemented as standard.
When it comes to electrical equipment, only specially designed and certified devices should be used in hazardous areas. These may include features such as sealed enclosures to prevent the ingress of gases or dust, reduced power ratings, or systems that automatically shut down in the presence of a fault or dangerous atmosphere detection.
Equipment Standards and Markings
All new equipment used in explosive atmospheres must comply with strict regulatory requirements. In Great Britain, this means compliance with the Equipment and Protective Systems Intended for Use in Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Regulations, which are aligned with the European Directive 2014/34/EU (commonly known as ATEX).
Such equipment must display the appropriate ‘Ex’ marking to indicate it has been tested and approved for use in hazardous areas. It must also be UKCA (or CE) marked and supplied with a Declaration of Conformity and full instructions in English. Importantly, the equipment must be suitable for the specific type and classification of explosive atmosphere it will be used in.
Ongoing Maintenance and Competence
Even the best equipment can become a hazard if it’s not properly maintained. Equipment installed in explosive atmospheres should be regularly inspected and serviced by individuals with specific competence in explosive atmosphere compliance.
BS EN 60079-17 offers detailed guidance on the inspection and maintenance of such equipment, including recommendations on inspection frequency and what to look for during routine checks.
At PRR, we support clients in meeting their legal duties under DSEAR and other applicable legislation, helping them design safer systems of work for hazardous environments. Whether it’s through comprehensive risk assessments, bespoke control strategies, or ensuring the correct certification and maintenance of equipment, our goal is always the same: to reduce the risk of explosion, protect people, property, and reputation.
If you work in or around hazardous areas, get in touch with our team to find out how we can help you stay compliant and safe.
