Heat pumps work by transferring heat rather than generating it through combustion, making them significantly more efficient and environmentally friendly than traditional systems. As part of the UK’s Net Zero targets, their use in commercial and public buildings is set to grow rapidly, especially through retrofit projects aimed at reducing operational emissions.
However, many commercial heat pumps use refrigerants that are classed as flammable or hazardous substances under DSEAR. Hydrocarbon-based refrigerants such as R290 (propane) are favoured for their low Global Warming Potential (GWP), but they are also flammable. That means they fall squarely within the scope of DSEAR, which requires employers to assess and eliminate or control the risks associated with explosive atmospheres.
Why DSEAR Assessments Matter in Retrofit Projects
Retrofitting a heat pump into an existing building adds an extra layer of complexity to safety planning. Unlike new builds, retrofit environments often involve older infrastructure, confined spaces, legacy electrical systems or poor ventilation. All of which can increase the potential risk of ignition.
Key risks include:
- Leaks from refrigerant lines in poorly ventilated plant rooms or basements
- Ignition sources from electrical equipment or machinery not rated for ATEX zones
- Incompatible materials or containment systems that may not meet modern safety standards
A DSEAR assessment helps identify these risks and provides clear guidance on mitigation.
What Does a DSEAR Assessment Involve?
For commercial heat pump installations, a thorough DSEAR assessment should include:
- Identification of hazardous substances (e.g. refrigerants, cleaning agents)
- Analysis of potential ignition sources and ventilation levels
- ATEX zoning, where necessary
- Recommendations for engineering and organisational controls
- Emergency planning and employee training guidance
At PRR Safety, we tailor our assessments to suit the technical complexity of your installation and the unique characteristics of your site, which can range from a new commercial build, a school retrofitting its heating system or a multi-storey office block moving off gas.
Need support with DSEAR compliance for your commercial heat pump project?
PRR Safety offers industry-leading DSEAR assessments, consultancy, and training to help you navigate this critical area of compliance with confidence. Get in touch to find out how we can help.
PRR Safety offers industry-leading DSEAR assessments, consultancy, and training to help you navigate this critical area of compliance with confidence. Get in touch to find out how we can help.
